Social Security Numbers

What is a Social Security Number?
A Social Security number (SSN) is required for everyone who works in the U.S., even non-immigrants. However, a Social Security card is not a work permit.

For more general information about the Social Security system, visit this website http://www.ssa.gov/

Who is eligible to apply for a Social Security Number?

F-1 students with a job offer letter and work permission
J-1 students with a job offer and a work permit from their DS-2019 sponsor
J-1 visiting scholars
J-2 dependents with work permission from the USCIS (EAD)
Individuals with other types of immigration status allowing employment

Note: F-2 dependents are not eligible for Social Security Numbers

An SSN is issued once per lifetime. If you have previously had a SSN, but do not have the card or do not remember the number, you can apply for a duplicate card if you meet the eligibility requirements above.

When to Apply for a Social Security Number
Applications made too early may be rejected or delayed beyond the usual processing time. Students and visiting scholars must be physically present in the U.S. to apply for an SSN. The Social Security Administration (SSA) is required to verify your legal entry into the U.S. before issuing an SSN.

Student Application Deadlines

New F-1 and J-1 students must wait at least 10 days after being fully registered (see Registration Deadlines) -and- after the first day of class (both must be true)
No more than 30 days before on-campus or F-1 Curricular Practical Training work authorization begins
No more than 30 days before the start date on your Employment Authorization Document (EAD)

Scholar Application Deadline

New J-1 visiting scholars must wait at least ten business days after entering the U.S –and-- the submission of the “Scholar Arrival Notification” form to Berkeley International Office (both must be true)

J-2 dependents must have Employment Authorization Document (EAD) that begins no more than 30 days from the application date of the SSN.

Working While Awaiting an SSN
You may work while the Social Security number application is being processed. There is no provision in the law that required employers to have their employees’ SSNs before hiring them. There is no provision that prohibits an employee from beginning work if he or she has not yet obtained an SSN. However, you must have employment authorization from your program sponsor or the USCIS before you begin working.

Social Security Number Safety
Although a SSN is only meant to be used for tax and government purposes, it is often used by financial institutions, businesses, and others as a unique identification number. Because the SSN is a unique ID, it is often the target of “identity theft”. Therefore you should be very careful about where and to whom you give your SSN.

Never carry your Social Security card or number with you. Keep it at home in a secure place.
Only give your SSN to someone who has a specific and legitimate need for it.
Be very careful with any forms, applications or other materials that may have your SSN on it.
Never give your SSN to someone who phones you. You should initiate the call or meet in person.
Never reply to email or web sites that request a SSN.

Business Uses for Social Security Numbers
Most businesses do not need a SSN from you unless it is for credit purposes (loans, credit cards, etc.) If a business requests a SSN solely for ID purposes, you can request that the business create an ID for you. You do not need a SSN to open bank accounts. If a bank clerk insists on a SSN, ask to speak to a manager.


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